<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- generator="FeedCreator 1.8" -->
<?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/lib/exe/css.php?s=feed" type="text/css"?>
<rdf:RDF
    xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"
    xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
    xmlns:slash="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/"
    xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
    <channel rdf:about="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/feed.php">
        <title>소수 민족 언어 유형 데이터베이스 doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro</title>
        <description></description>
        <link>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/</link>
        <image rdf:resource="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki-template-textdb/images/favicon.ico" />
       <dc:date>2026-08-15T22:45:57+0900</dc:date>
        <items>
            <rdf:Seq>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:31_pro&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_anaphor&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_dem&amp;rev=1611322200&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_indf&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_int&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_pers&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_q&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_recp&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff"/>
                <rdf:li rdf:resource="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_refl&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff"/>
            </rdf:Seq>
        </items>
    </channel>
    <image rdf:about="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki-template-textdb/images/favicon.ico">
        <title>소수 민족 언어 유형 데이터베이스</title>
        <link>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/</link>
        <url>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/lib/tpl/dokuwiki-template-textdb/images/favicon.ico</url>
    </image>
    <item rdf:about="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:31_pro&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-06-25T08:56:59+0900</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>31_pro :  대명사 (pronoun, pronominal)</title>
        <link>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:31_pro&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>31_pro :  대명사 (pronoun, pronominal)

	* 대명사는 인칭 대명사, 지시 대명사, 그리고 의문 대명사로 세분할 수 있다.</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_anaphor&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-06-25T08:56:59+0900</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>pro_anaphor :  문맥지시사 (anaphor, anaphoric pronoun)</title>
        <link>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_anaphor&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>pro_anaphor :  문맥지시사 (anaphor, anaphoric pronoun)</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_dem&amp;rev=1611322200&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2021-01-22T22:30:00+0900</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>pro_dem :  현장지시사 (demonstrative, demonstrative pronoun)</title>
        <link>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_dem&amp;rev=1611322200&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>pro_dem :  현장지시사 (demonstrative, demonstrative pronoun)

현장 지시사를 표로 제시하면 다음과 같다. 
근칭원칭초원칭naːi⁶ȶa⁶ ȶa⁵
지시 대명사의 문법화

지시 대명사 ‘naːi⁶’, ‘ȶa⁶’, ‘ȶa⁵’는 시간 명사 뒤에 쓰여 “~ 때”의 의미를 나타낼 수 있다.
&lt;div class='ltdb_eg'&gt;&lt;span class='glottocode'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class='bibref'&gt;:195&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class='leipzig'&gt;&lt;table class='ltdb'&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;kaːu³ȵam⁵&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ȶa⁶&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;kwe²&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;joŋ⁶&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ɕa¹&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;to¹.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;night&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;(that)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;NEG&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;need&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;close&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;door&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_indf&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-06-25T08:56:59+0900</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>pro_indf :  비한정사 (indefinite, indefinite pronoun)</title>
        <link>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_indf&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>pro_indf :  비한정사 (indefinite, indefinite pronoun)</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_int&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-06-25T08:56:59+0900</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>pro_int : intensifier (강조사)</title>
        <link>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_int&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>pro_int : intensifier (강조사)</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_pers&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-06-25T08:56:59+0900</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>pro_pers :  인칭대명사 (personal pronoun)</title>
        <link>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_pers&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>pro_pers :  인칭대명사 (personal pronoun)

	* 동어의 인칭 대명사는 격변화가 따로 존재하지 않는다. 

인칭 대명사를 표로 제시하면 다음과 같다.
 1.SG  1.PL.EXCL  1.PL.INCL   2.SG  2.PL  3.SG  3.PL  jaːu²        ȶiu¹    &lt;div class='ltdb_eg'&gt;&lt;span class='glottocode'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class='bibref'&gt;:194&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class='leipzig'&gt;&lt;table class='ltdb'&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;saːm¹′&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ɕaːu¹′&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;three&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;2PL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;너희 셋&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class='ltdb_eg'&gt;&lt;span class='glottocode'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class='bibref'&gt;:194&lt;/span&gt;&lt;d…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_q&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-06-25T08:56:59+0900</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>pro_q :  의문사 (interrogative)</title>
        <link>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_q&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>pro_q :  의문사 (interrogative)

	* 표로 제시하면 다음과 같다.
whowhatwherehownəu² tu² maːŋ²(혹은 maːŋ²)nu¹′ i¹nu¹′, nu¹′jaːŋ⁶, i¹nu¹′haːŋ²
지시 대명사와 의문 대명사의 용법:

	* 지시 대명사 naːi⁶, ȶa⁶, ȶa⁵와 의문 대명사 nəu² ‘who’, nu¹ 'where′, tu²maːŋ²(혹은 maːŋ²) 'what'는 모두 독립적으로 주어로 쓰일 수 있다. &lt;div class='ltdb_eg'&gt;&lt;span class='glottocode'&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class='bibref'&gt;:194&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class='leipzig'&gt;&lt;table class='ltdb'&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;tu²maːŋ²&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;tu³&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;kew²&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;li³.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;What&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;even&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;NEG&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;hav…</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_recp&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-06-25T08:56:59+0900</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>pro_recp :  상호사 (reciprocal)</title>
        <link>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_recp&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>pro_recp :  상호사 (reciprocal)</description>
    </item>
    <item rdf:about="http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_refl&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff">
        <dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
        <dc:date>2018-06-25T08:56:59+0900</dc:date>
        <dc:creator>Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com)</dc:creator>
        <title>pro_refl :  재귀사 (reflexive, reflexive pronoun)</title>
        <link>http://www.typologydb.org/wiki/doku.php?id=doc:kam:2_wordclass:31_pro:pro_refl&amp;rev=1529884619&amp;do=diff</link>
        <description>pro_refl :  재귀사 (reflexive, reflexive pronoun)

(4) 재귀 대명사

	* 재귀 대명사는 si⁶a¹, tsɿ¹ȶi⁴, aːk⁹ 세 가지가 있다. 

si⁶a¹는 고대 중국어로부터 차용한 단어이다.
&lt;div class='ltdb_eg'&gt;&lt;span class='glottocode'&gt;kami1255&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class='bibref'&gt;liangmin2006:194&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class='leipzig'&gt;&lt;table class='ltdb'&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;ja²&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;si⁶a¹&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;tu³&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;kwe²&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;wo⁴,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;ȵa²&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;we⁴nau¹′&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;wo⁴.&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;1SG&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;REFL&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;even&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;NEG&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;know&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;2SG&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;how&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;know&lt;…</description>
    </item>
</rdf:RDF>
