자음 체계
| 조음위치 | 조음방법 | 음소 |
| bilabial | nasal | m |
| bilabial | plosive | p(b) pʰ(p) |
| bilabial | fricative | f |
| bilabial | approximant | w |
| dental | plosive | t(d) tʰ(t) |
| dental | affricative | ts(dz) tsʰ(ts) |
| dental | fricative | s |
| palato-alveolar | nasal | n |
| palato-alveolar | affricative | tɕ(dʑ) tɕʰ(tɕ) |
| palato-alveolar | fricative | ɕ |
| palato-alveolar | trill | r |
| palato-alveolar | lateral approximant | l |
| retroflex | affricative | tʂ(dʐ) tʂʰ(tʂ) |
| retroflex | fricative | ʂ |
| velar | nasal | ŋ |
| velar | plosive | k(ɡ) kʰ(k) |
| velar | fricative | χ |
| uvular | plosive | ɢ |
| glottal | fricative | h |
| 반모음 | j |