-la, -le | ǰïrla- ‘노래하다’, ǰerle- ‘안장을 얹다’, bekle- ‘치다’, ekile- ‘둘로 나누다’. |
---|---|
-da, -de | kïymïlda- ‘움직이다’, zïŋgïrda- ‘딸랑거리다’, düŋgürde- ‘(천둥)우르릉거리다’ |
-lan, -len | awuzlan- ‘먹다’, yujlen ‘장가가다’, sagïšlan- ‘생각하다’. |
-laš, -leš | qučaqalaš- ‘안다’, bekleš- ‘싸우다’. |
-l, -al, -el | qaral- ‘까매지다’. |
-sïn, -sun | azsïn- ‘작다고 생각하다’, ǰersin- ‘가라앉다’, künsün- ‘만족하다’. |
과거시제 | 조건법 | ||
---|---|---|---|
단수 | 1인칭 | edim ‘I was’ | esem ‘If I was/were’ |
2인칭 | ediŋ | eseŋ | |
3인칭 | edi | ese | |
복수 | 1인칭 | edik | esek |
2인칭 | edigiz | esegiz | |
3인칭 | edile | esele |
- Past Indefinite | -gen+Copular | al-gan-sïz ‘당신은 가지셨다.’ |
---|---|---|
- Past Categorical | –di+Verbal Endings | kör-düm ‘나는 보았다.’ |
- Present | –e/y+Copular | aša-y-sa ‘먹고 있다.’ |
- Present | –iwči/iwcan+Copular | bar-ïwču-dula ‘그들이 간다.’ |
- Present/Future | –er/ir+Copular | kab-ar-bïz ‘우리는 물것이다.’ |
- Future Categorical | –rik/iik+Copular | bar-rik-ma ‘나는 갈것이다.’ |
- Pluperfect | -gen+e | čal-gan e-di-le ‘They had mown.’ |
---|---|---|
- Past Continuous | –ib e- | ǰat-ïb e-di ‘She was lying down.’ |
- Past Continuous | –e/y e- | bar-a e-di-m ‘I was going.’ |
- Past Iterative | –iwču e- | al-ïwču ye-di ‘(S)he took.’ |
- Past Habitual | –er/ir e- | kel-ri e-di-ŋ ‘You used to come.’ |
- Past Resultative | –ib e- | ket-ib e-di-giz ‘you left’ |
- Present Continuous | -e/y tur- | ǰaz-a tur-a-dïk ‘we are writing.’ |
- Future | -lik e- | bar-lik e-di-m ‘I must go.’ |